In many different areas of mathematics (such as number theory, discrete geometry, and combinatorics), one is often presented with a large "unstructured" object, and asked to find a smaller "structured" object inside it. One of the earliest and most influential examples of this phenomenon was the theorem of Ramsey, proved in 1930, which states that …
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RobMorris
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The Ramsey number $R(k)$ is the minimum n such that every red-blue colouring of the edges of the complete graph on n vertices contains a monochromatic copy of $K_k$. It has been known since the work of Erdős and Szekeres in 1935, and Erdős in 1947, that $2^{k/2} < R(k) < 4^k$, but in the … |
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