기초과학연구원 이산수학그룹
A linear $3$-graph is called a (3-)hypertree if there exists exactly one path between each pair of two distinct vertices. A linear $3$-graph is called a Steiner triple system if each pair of two distinct vertices belong to a unique edge. A simple greedy algorithm shows that every $n$-vertex Steiner triple system $G$ contains all …
Finding the smallest integer $N=ES_d(n)$ such that in every configuration of $N$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$ in general position, there exist $n$ points in convex position is one of the most classical problems in extremal combinatorics, known as the Erdős-Szekeres problem. In 1935, Erdős and Szekeres famously conjectured that $ES_2(n)=2^{n−2}+1$ holds, which was nearly settled by …
The disjoint paths logic, FOL+DP, is an extension of First Order Logic (FOL) with the extra atomic predicate $\mathsf{dp}_k(x_1,y_1,\ldots,x_k,y_k),$ expressing the existence of internally vertex-disjoint paths between $x_i$ and $y_i,$ for $i\in \{1,\ldots, k\}$. This logic can express a wide variety of problems that escape the expressibility potential of FOL. We prove that for every …
Fix $r \ge 2$ and consider a family F of $C_{2r+1}$-free graphs, each having minimum degree linear in its number of vertices. Such a family is known to have bounded chromatic number; equivalently, each graph in F is homomorphic to a complete graph of bounded size. We disprove the analogous statement for homomorphic images that …
Various types of independent sets have been studied for decades. As an example, the minimum number of maximal independent sets in a connected graph of given order is easy to determine (hint; the answer is written in the stars). When considering this question for twin-free graphs, it becomes less trivial and one discovers some surprising …
The Graphic Travelling Salesman Problem is the problem of finding a spanning closed walk (a TSP walk) of minimum length in a given connected graph. The special case of the Graphic TSP on subcubic graphs has been studied extensively due to their worst-case behaviour in the famous $\frac{4}{3}$-integrality-gap conjecture on the "subtour elimination" linear programming …
I will first introduce the notion of recognisability of languages of terms and then its extensions to sets of relational structures. In a second step, I will discuss relations with decompositions of graphs/matroids and why their MSOL-definability is related to understanding recognisable sets. I will finally explain how to define in MSOL branch-decompositions for finitely …
We introduce the notion of delineation. A graph class $\mathcal C$ is said delineated by twin-width (or simply, delineated) if for every hereditary closure $\mathcal D$ of a subclass of $\mathcal C$, it holds that $\mathcal D$ has bounded twin-width if and only if $\mathcal D$ is monadically dependent. An effective strengthening of delineation for …
Distributed certification, whether it be proof-labeling schemes, locally checkable proofs, etc., deals with the issue of certifying the legality of a distributed system with respect to a given boolean predicate. A certificate is assigned to each process in the system by a non-trustable oracle, and the processes are in charge of verifying these certificates, so that two …
The first course in graph theory usually covers concepts such as matchings, independent sets, colourings, and forbidden subgraphs. Around 2004, Borgs, Chayes, Lovász, Sós, Szegedy, and Vestergombi introduced a very fruitful limit perspective on graphs. The central objects of this theory, so-called graphons, are suitable measurable counterparts to graphs. In the talk, I will outline …